As of 2022, the technological evolution is still ongoing from older, exclusively pre-programmed systems for narrow tasks towards more versatile systems that include greater adaptability, thanks to AI, for some of their functions (e.g. It is this characteristic which distinguishes an autonomous weapon from an automated one, which has computational processes speeding up some of its functions, but is only able to achieve narrow preset goals based on detailed and deterministic prior programming. Distilling various definitions, they suggest defining LAWS as machines able to adapt to their environment and change between observation and engagement stances flexibly to identify, select and kinetically attack their targets without human intervention. Reviewing the diverse field of disciplines contributing to the literature of military AI, Taddeo and Blanchard found that depending on an organisation’s approach towards LAWS, their definitions focus on different ethical and legal challenges. There is a growing body of literature devoted to the ethical and legal aspects of the use of artificial intelligence (AI) for military purposes, with a dominant focus on the emergence of lethal autonomous weapon systems (LAWS).
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